[MUSIC]

Hi, everyone and welcome to this lecture on Safety and Human and

Reproductive Rights.

I'm Anna Kalbarczyk.

In this lecture, we will cover some sensitive information.

We have included it because we believe it as critical important for

all global citizens to be aware.

Please stop this lecture if discussions of sexual assault or

intimate partner violence will negatively impact your health.

This first section is intended to give you some facts about the safety

concerns facing individuals across the globe.

We typically know what the safety concerns are in our communities and homes and

the routines and behaviors that we're comfortable with and make us feel safe.

As well as the behaviors of others which make us feel uncomfortable.

However, as travelers our environments change as you are routines

end off on our behaviors.

Although the dangers facing us are nearly the same across the globe,

they can look or feel different based on our setting.

Ultimately, to secure a safe society perpetrators must stop

perpetuating violence and aggression globally.

This is not yet the reality in any nation.

Statistics vary greatly due to the sensitivity of the topic, the stigma

facing survivors, the vulnerability of different populations, and

the existing social taboos of discussing different component of violence.

Also, statistics vary greatly because of many factors including political

boundaries, geographical regions, rural and urban environments, to name a few.

And we can take a look at some of these statistics here on this slide.

In Egypt, 62% of men admitted perpetrating harassment and

99.3% of Egyptian women indicated experiencing forms of sexual harassment.

In Poland, 85% of women and 44% of men experienced harassment

in public spaces, and 78% of those reported male harassers.

In New York, 86% of respondents were harassed on the street.

And in Brazil,

99.6 of almost 8,000 participants reported experiencing harassments.

You can see that, this is happening across the globe in different types of countries,

in different types of spaces.

Globally, 30% of all women who have been in a relationship have experienced

physical, and or sexual violence by their intimate partner.

Up to 38% of women in some regions have experienced intimate partner violence.

Worldwide, 7% of women have been sexually assaulted by someone other than a partner.

And 35% of women have experienced either physical and or

sexual intimate partner violence or non-partner sexual violence.

Sexual and physical violence are not only perpetrated by men against women.

Members of the LGBTQIA community are especially targeted.

Even though it is often socially taboo to discuss,

men also survivors of physical and sexual violence.

Finally, many different types of definitions of violence and

aggression exist and this list is not intended to be comprehensive.

Although the perpetrators are alone responsible for

the violence committed, the survivors are faced with impacts of that violence.

This slides list some of the many health impacts that can result from physical and

sexual violence in addition to traumatic physical injury.

These can include STIs like HIV/AIDS, chlamydia, HPV, genital herpes, pregnancy,

rape trauma syndrome, flashbacks, PTSD, depression, to name a few.

Some precautions to mitigate the impacts include, going on birth control,

being thoughtful about the transportation choices that you make and

asking questions of local colleagues about what may be considered safe areas.

While we do often encourage students to wear culturally appropriate clothing,

it's important to know that this does not necessarily reduce the experience of

violence for women.

For example, the Egyptian center for

women's rights found that culturally and religiously conservative clothing did not

reduce the likelihood of a woman being harassed.

Despite this, the perpetrators continue to blame those individuals that they harass.

53% of Egyptian men blame the women themselves by bringing it on,

and thereby, dissociate themselves from the harassment.

When it comes to your reproductive health needs wherever possible, plan ahead.

As global health practitioners, you will often work in low access settings.

Which not only has an impact on the populations you serve, but

also your own personal access to reproductive health services.

As you may be aware, from either professional or

personal experience here in the United States or abroad, reproductive rights and

access to services varies widely.

Depending on your location,

different procedures such as induced abortions are illegal.

In other places access is so restricted that services are virtually non existent

and therefore, not illegal but definitely inaccessible.

Currently, 74 countries allow abortion on broad grounds or

without any restriction as to reason.

As you might be able to see in the map here, North America,

many countries in Western and Eastern Europe, Russia, China, Australia and

very few countries in South America and Africa allow women to access abortions

without restriction to reason though this is, of course, pending availability.

However, in most countries in the global south,

a woman has to have a reason including socio-economic grounds,

preserving their health, or to save their life.

The rights that protect and uphold women's safety

are not merely restricted to the lawful and safe termination of a pregnancy.

For example, the definition of intimate partner violence is not universal.

Two-thirds of all Countries have outlawed IPV, typically, called domestic violence.

In 2012, of all women killed globally, 50% were killed by their partners or

family members.

Only 52 countries have explicitly criminalized rape within marriage,

according to the UN women's publication on violence against women from November 2015.

Should you become the victim of such a crime, or need to seek care?

These laws may impact the services you can receive and

restrict the choices that you're able to make.

Even if we are not survivors ourselves, we are a part of a support system for

survivors and define this social fabric within which survivors and

perpetrators live.

So it is important to have some knowledge about the impact and the process.

The empowerment wheel shown here on the slide also highlights that,

fewer resources exist for male and

intersex survivors as demonstrated by the constant use of female pronouns.

In October of 2015, Sweden made headlines for

opening the world's first men's rape clinic which will

also provide much needed support for inadequately served transgender survivors.

In the next section, we'll emphasize those resources that are specifically

focused on LGBTQIA communities.

Safety and Gender-Based Violence

International Travel Preparation, Safety, & Wellness

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