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Technical Support Fundamentals

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课程 1（共 6 门，Specialization Google IT Support Professional Certificate）

In this course, you’ll be introduced to the world of Information Technology, or IT. This course is the first of a series that aims to prepare you for a role as an entry-level IT Support Specialist. You’ll learn about the different facets of Information Technology, like computer hardware, the Internet, computer software, and job-related skills. You’ll also learn about the history of computers, and the pioneers who shaped the world of computing that we know today. This course covers a wide variety of topics in IT that are designed to give you an overview of what’s to come in this IT Support Professional Certificate. By the end of this course, you’ll be able to: - understand how the binary system works. - assemble a computer from scratch. - choose and install an operating system on a computer. - understand what the Internet is, how it works, and the impact it has in the modern world. - learn how applications are created and how they work under the hood of our computer. - utilize common problem-solving methodologies and soft skills in an Information Technology setting. Except as otherwise noted, the contents on this site are licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

从本节课中

Hardware

In the second week of this course, we'll learn about what's inside a computer. We'll learn all about the hardware components or different pieces inside a computer. We'll discover what each component does and how they work together to make a computer function. By the end of this module, you will also know how to build a computer from scratch!

与讲师见面

Google

Let's talk about RAM, our computers' short term memory.

We use RAM to store data that we want to access quickly.

This data changes all the time so it isn't permanent.

Almost all RAM is volatile,

which means that once we power off our machines,

the data stored in RAM is cleared.

Remember that our computer is comprised of programs.

To run a program,

we need to make a copy of it in RAM so our CPU can process it.

When you see a new phone or laptop that's says it has 16 gigs of RAM,

that means it can run up to 16 gigs of programs,

meaning you can run lots of programs at the same time.

When you type in a document, you're using RAM.

If you've ever had the misfortune of working on

an important presentation of paper and losing power,

you know the feeling you get when all of the work you've done is lost.

It's a total bummer. This happens to anything with RAM, even video games.

Have you ever gone on a long campaign without saving,

then right as you get to a safe point,

the power goes off on the console and all the progress you've made is lost forever?

It's not fun at all. You spend the next hour or so deciding whether or

not just to rage quit the game completely and start all over from scratch.

Not that this happened to me or anything,

that was just a friend.

Anyway, all of this happens because RAM clears it's data.

There are lots of types of RAM.

And the one is commonly found in computers,

is DRAM or dynamic random access memory.

Where a one or zero is sent to DRAM,

it source each bit in a microscopic capacitor.

This is either the charge or discharge represented by one or zero.

These semiconductors are put into chips that are on the RAM and store our data.

There are also different types of memory states that DRAM chips can be put on.

The more modern DIMM sticks,

which usually stands for Dual Inline Memory Module,

have different sizes of pins on them.

I should call out, we don't really buy RAM based on the number of DRAM chips they have.

They are labeled by the capacity of RAM on a stake,

like an 8 gig stick of RAM.

After DRAM was created,

RAM manufacturers build something called SDRAM which stands for Synchronous DRAM.

This type of RAM is synchronized to

our systems' clock speed allowing quicker processing of data.

In today's system, we use another type of RAM,

called double data rate SDRAM,

or DDR SDRAM for short.

Most people refer to this RAM as DDR, even shorter.

There were lots of iterations of DDR, from DDR1,

DDR2, DDR3 and now, DDR4.

DDR is faster, takes up less power,

and has a larger capacity than earlier SDRAM versions.

The latest version, DDR4,

is the fastest type of short term memory currently available for your computer.

And faster RAM means that programs can be run

faster and that more programs can run at the same time.

Keep in mind that any RAM sticks you use

need a compatible motherboard with a different number of

pins aligned with the motherboard RAM slots.

Just like with the CPU,

make sure that your motherboard is compatible with any RAM sticks that you buy.

Up next, we'll take a deep dive into motherboards.