这是一个全球化、信息化、快餐化的时代；全球化拷问着人们的文化根基，信息化拷问着人们的价值信仰，快餐化拷问着人们的经典阅读。 民族的就是世界的。为继承弘扬中华文化传统，我们特意打造这门课，希冀提供一个阅读哲学经典、传承中国文化、铸造民族精神的平台，让中国文化走向世界、走向未来。 本课分十个专题，分别介绍《周易》、孔子《论语》、老子《道德经》，《大学》与《中庸》，《庄子》，《孙子兵法》，《墨经》，《心经》，以及朱熹理学、王阳明《传习录》等著作和人物的思想。既有对儒释道经典的介绍，也有对理学、心学思想的阐释，以期以一种更广阔的视角看待中国传统哲学，让学生能够对中国传统哲学有一种全方位的认识。 课程大纲 第一章 《周易》导读 第二章 《道德经》导读 第三章 《论语》导读 第四章 《大学》《中庸》导读 第五章 《孙子兵法》导读 第六章 《墨经》导读 第七章 《心经》导读 第八章 《庄子》导读 第九章 朱熹理学相关著作导读 第十章 《传习录》导读
《孙子兵法》的特点与价值
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来自 Xi'an Jiaotong University 的课程
中国哲学经典著作导读
221 个评分
从本节课中
《孙子兵法》导读
将要导读的著作，对于爱好军事的同学是一个好消息，但是如果你认为它仅仅是一本军事著作，那显然你是OUT了。它缜密的军事、哲学思想体系，深远的哲理、变化无穷的战略战术，在现代远远不局限于一本军事著作的范畴，而是被广泛运用于政治斗争、商业竞争等各个领域。它就是《孙子兵法》。
在这一课程中，邓妙子老师的《孙子兵法》导读包括四个部分的内容：孙子其人其书，用间篇，谋攻篇和军势篇。本周课程需要同学们完成15道单元测试题和1道课堂讨论题。
与讲师见面
燕 连福教授
西安交通大学人文学院
韩 鹏杰教授
西安交通大学人文学院
龚 建平教授
西安交通大学人文学院
张 帆教授
西安交通大学人文学院
妥 建清教授
西安交通大学人文学院
李 重副教授
邓 妙子讲师
西安交通大学人文学院
雒 自新讲师
西安交通大学人文学院
then I will talk about the book itself.
The book consists of 13 parts,
altogether 5913 words.
Compared with Tao Te Ching
there are fewer words in this book.
We are very lucky
for the book we get today
should be a complete book of the war of art
with well-knit system and structure
as well as coherence.
It’s a very precious cultural heritage
the ancients gave us.
Today I’ll make a horizontal comparison
to show why we say it is very precious.
In the early Warring States period,
military strategists, like Sun Zi and Wu Zi
won wide reputation as the representatives
or great masters.
According to Hanfei Zi
both Sun Zi and Wu Zi had been regarded
as the outstanding masters at Hanfei Zi’s times.
In warring states period
war was the biggest issue,
as every scholar liked to study the art of war,
they all had the books
written by Sun Zi and Wu Zi.
In The Historical Records,
both Sun Zi and Wu Zi
are introduced in the section of
the Collected Biographies of Sun Zi and Wu Zi.
Later a court historian commented
that all the things
relevant to war
were included in Sun Zi’s Art of War.
That is to say, whenever people talk about the art of war
they will cite or mention the original
Sun Zi’s Art of War.
Then the court historian continued
most people had Wu Zi’s Art or War.
That means both Sun Zi and Wu Zi were regarded as strategist masters.
Although both of them were regarded as
two outstanding strategist masters,
Sun Zi has enjoyed great reputation after their death.
For the research of Sun Zi
is very popular
even across the world.
For example, conferences and seminars on Sun Zi’s Art of War have been held
one after another across the world,
on the other hand, few people
or even no people study
Wu Zi’s Art of War.
Both of them are outstanding strategist masters,
but why do they have different influences after their death?
The reason in a sense is
because of the incompleteness of Wu Zi’s Art of War.
Let’s simply talk about the reason why it is incomplete.
Wu Zi’s Art of War today
consists of two volumes with six piece of writing.
But according to The Records of Art and Literature, History of Han Dynasty
Wu Zi’s Art of War consists of 48 pieces of writing.
If it is true,
it means the version of Wu Zi’s Art of War today
only accounts for one eighth of the whole book.
So it can be said the book is incomplete.
Is truly recorded in The Records of Art and Literature, History of Han Dynasty ?
From the middle or late period of Qing Dynasty to 1949,
historical skepticism had been very popular,
for people had doubted many ancient records.
But the authenticity of the records has been constantly verified
by the bamboo slips and silk manuscripts unearthed one after another these years,
which also proved historical skepticism cannot hold the water,
and ancient records are full and accurate.
From this point
Wu Zi’s Art of War is in a sense
an incomplete one,
which account for
the reason why
the two outstanding strategist masters
have different influences after their death.
For us,
it is very luck
to have a complete version of Sun Zi’s The Art of War.
That’s the second point, authenticity.
Here comes the third point.
There are 5900 words in Sun Zi’s The Art of War,
which covered the essence of the art of war.
Its language is very concise,
and many famous remarks are still so catchy today,
for many people even can learn by heart.
It is all due to its concise language
and his writing technique.
Therefore
It is also a masterpiece among the essays written before Qin Dynasty.
He very concisely explained the essence of
the art of war with about 6000words.
After making another horizontal comparison.
We can see
it’s not easy to do so.
Take
the requirement of undergraduate degree thesis in XJTU as an example.
according to the rule, the thesis
must be over 10000 words.
That is to say
most students
will spend over half a year, and make great effort
to write a 10000-word-theis.
What’s the ending?
It is nearly preserved
in archives forever.
That is to say
many theses are not original, and don’t have ideological value.
The importance of the requirement is
through the programmatic training
to experience a beneficial process.
There are Only 5000 words in Sun Zi’s The Art of War,
but they cover almost all the aspects of art of war,
Which is not easy.
Next
I’ll talk about the fourth point about
Sun Zi’s The Art of War.
How do we think about
the position its thought
as well as the fate of its school.
In Record of Art and Culture, History of Han Dynasty, it has its own classification
which is a new classification.
I’d rather adopt another classification,
that is
Sun Zi’s The Art of War , on the whole, belongs to the School of Qi,
while the equally famous book Wu Zi’s The Art of War
belongs to the School of Lu.
The Schools of Qi and Lu were
named after the regions.
As two schools, they are not only limited in the art of war,
accordingly, we can also divide the corresponding art of war into
the art of war of Qi and Lu,
that is,
Wu Zi’s The Art of War was originated
in the region of Lu,
and its theory directly derived from
the theoretical system of Zhou Gong, an ancient sage-king.
The characteristic of
the war of art of Lu
is that it is relatively macroscopic,
In the specific study of war, it even involves the strategy of running a state.
Such as Scheme of State in the first volume of
Wu Zi’s The Art of War
This essay
deal with the strategy of
running a state.
So the characteristic of the war of art of Lu is relatively macroscopic,
for it not only studies the art of war
but also the strategy of running a state.
Sun Zi’s The Art of War belongs to the school of Qi.
Compared with the school of Lu,
it is more specific,
for it only studies the art of war.
For example, there is a well known statement
in Sun Zi’s The Art of War, that is,
“A commander at the front may even refuse a king's order.”
means
a commander at the front
should take full charge of the army
while if the king far away in the palace
doesn’t know the real military situation at front,
he should not issue confused orders,
which may add troubles，
that is, in Sun Zi’s view.
may cause chaos.
