这是一个全球化、信息化、快餐化的时代；全球化拷问着人们的文化根基，信息化拷问着人们的价值信仰，快餐化拷问着人们的经典阅读。 民族的就是世界的。为继承弘扬中华文化传统，我们特意打造这门课，希冀提供一个阅读哲学经典、传承中国文化、铸造民族精神的平台，让中国文化走向世界、走向未来。 本课分十个专题，分别介绍《周易》、孔子《论语》、老子《道德经》，《大学》与《中庸》，《庄子》，《孙子兵法》，《墨经》，《心经》，以及朱熹理学、王阳明《传习录》等著作和人物的思想。既有对儒释道经典的介绍，也有对理学、心学思想的阐释，以期以一种更广阔的视角看待中国传统哲学，让学生能够对中国传统哲学有一种全方位的认识。 课程大纲 第一章 《周易》导读 第二章 《道德经》导读 第三章 《论语》导读 第四章 《大学》《中庸》导读 第五章 《孙子兵法》导读 第六章 《墨经》导读 第七章 《心经》导读 第八章 《庄子》导读 第九章 朱熹理学相关著作导读 第十章 《传习录》导读
《孙子兵法》内容梗概
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来自 Xi'an Jiaotong University 的课程
中国哲学经典著作导读
220 个评分
从本节课中
《孙子兵法》导读
将要导读的著作，对于爱好军事的同学是一个好消息，但是如果你认为它仅仅是一本军事著作，那显然你是OUT了。它缜密的军事、哲学思想体系，深远的哲理、变化无穷的战略战术，在现代远远不局限于一本军事著作的范畴，而是被广泛运用于政治斗争、商业竞争等各个领域。它就是《孙子兵法》。
在这一课程中，邓妙子老师的《孙子兵法》导读包括四个部分的内容：孙子其人其书，用间篇，谋攻篇和军势篇。本周课程需要同学们完成15道单元测试题和1道课堂讨论题。
与讲师见面
燕 连福教授
西安交通大学人文学院
韩 鹏杰教授
西安交通大学人文学院
龚 建平教授
西安交通大学人文学院
张 帆教授
西安交通大学人文学院
妥 建清教授
西安交通大学人文学院
李 重副教授
邓 妙子讲师
西安交通大学人文学院
雒 自新讲师
西安交通大学人文学院
The characteristic of
Su Zi’s The Art of War is relatively specific,
namely, studying the art of war in terms of battles.
He did not only study the art of war,
but also focused on a more important issue.
What is the issue?
Facing the future monarch,
and facing the future commander,
he would talk about the art of war.
For example,
in Laying Plans, the first part of Sun Zi’s The Art of War,
he demands that we should perceive five factors,
and then he deals with what the five factors are.
After explaining the five factors in detail,
he particularly deals with the fourth factor,
that is, the factor of a commander.
He further stresses the five virtues a commander should possess.
He mentions in Laying Plans of Sun Zi’s The Art of War
the virtues of wisdom，sincerely，benevolence，courage and strictness.
That is, a commander must possess these qualities
if he wants to be qualified commander.
After explaining the other four factors,
he does not further deal with them,
but particularly deals with
the factor of commander in detail in order to
differentiate it from the other four factors,
which indicates he shows special preference
or extraordinarily attaches the importance to it.
So today
Sun Zi’s The Art of War not only
influences the military field,
but also our social life,
especially our economic society
as well as the study of wisdom in administration.
The reason why it relates to
administration field is
because
Sun Zi’s The Art of War was written for commanders,
and it mainly discusses the art of war,
and how to be a qualified commander is interlinked with how to be a qualified manager.
In the following
I’ll mainly talk about the structure of
Sun Zi’s The Art of War.
There are 13 pieces of writing in this book,
and it can be roughly classified as follows:
the first three pieces, namely
Laying Plans, Waging War, and Attacking by Stratagem,
which can be viewed as
its macro-strategy level.
Then the next three pieces are
Tactical Dispositions, Energy, Weak Point and Strong,
which deals with specific military tactics.
The first part is strategy, and the second part is tactics.
Then seven to twelve parts
focus on more specific issues.
We can roughly know it from the titles of these parts:
The Army on the March, Terrain and Fire Attack,
whose content is relatively specific.
Since our teaching time is limited,
I often don’t talk about
the three pieces of writing in detail,
that is to say, I’ll skip
the three pieces of writing in the class，
Namely the third part of the book.
the fourth part of this book is
Using Spies,
which in the integral structure of
Sun Zi’s The Art of War
is an independent part.
Though this part consists of only one piece of wring,
it is vitally important.
The above is my introduction of the book, and then in the following,
I’ll mainly talk about the strategy, tactics and using spies in the book.
As to its content,
it is written in sequence.
According to its natural sequence,
From one to three, four to six
And then Using Spies, the final piece of writing.
But our lecture is
in accordance with another sequence,
that is, I’ll first talk about the last chapter Using Spies.
Someone may wonder about it
as Using Spies is the last piece of wring in Sun Zi’s The Art of War.
The reason is why I do this way,
the following is my view.
Though this is the last piece of writing,
if we know a bit of
the thought of Sun Zi’s The Art of War,
we’ll find
all the policies made on strategic level,
and the specific formulation of tactics,
must completely rely on reliable intelligence,
which is premise of all the military activities.
Today even in peacetime,
we often heard the news
that a consular agent was expelled from a country
because of his espionage.
That is to say that the two countries are officially becoming enemies.
Long before or even decades of years
before the outbreak of a war,
the rivals have been collecting military intelligence
by means of espionage.
Finally the two countries become enemies, and even lead to a war.
Consequently a country’s strategic decision and tactical principle
is made on account of
intelligence collecting without exception.
Using Spies
deals with intelligence collecting,
which is actually a natural starting pint of all warfare.
Such being the case,
why in the shaped version of the book in our hand today
Using Spies is positioned
at the end of the book in the course of
being handed down and complied by many people?
As to this question, today I’ll propose my tentative opinion
in order to help us understand the ancient compilers’ well-intention.
The preface today is always
at the beginning of a book.
Before we read a book, we don’t know whether it is worth reading or not.
Usually how do we do?
First we read its preface
in order to get general idea of the book.
This is the stylistic rules we must abide by when we compile a book today,
but ancient compilers didn’t abide by the rules like us today,
for many books they compiled
the important part, like preface
was often poisoned at the end of books.
Let me cite two examples.
One is Zhuang Zi.
It consists of 33 pieces of writing,
and is divided into inner, outer and miscellaneous parts.
The last chapter in the miscellaneous part is The World.
Though it is positioned at the end of the revised version,
in many great masters’ opinion,
this piece of writing’s thought
and the whole academic vision
embodied by its thought are of great importance.
It is just the door
through which we enter the world of Zhuang Zi’s mental realm.
Or it is a guide part.
So, when we read the selected versions of Zhuang Zi
we’ll find most of them
must at least select eight pieces of wring,
seven in inner part,
and then add The World.
But in the selected version today,
The World is still positioned at the end of the book.
As to understanding Zhuang Zi’s thought,
we should first read The World,
and then we can have a better starting point
to enter Zhuang Zi’s mental realm.
This is the first example
The other example is the Historical Records.
The end of the book is the Author’s Preface.
In the preface, the author not only introduces his family
and knowledge origin
but also reflects his academic vision and ambition
when he wrote the Historical Records
Therefore
today, when we read this book,
we first begin from the last chapter the Author’s Preface,
and after we grasp it,
we can go further to appropriately understand the Historical Records.
and its authors’ academic vision and ambition.
That is the reason why we regard Using Spies as the starting point when we read
Sun Zi’s The Art of War though it is positioned
at the end of the book.
