这是一个全球化、信息化、快餐化的时代；全球化拷问着人们的文化根基，信息化拷问着人们的价值信仰，快餐化拷问着人们的经典阅读。 民族的就是世界的。为继承弘扬中华文化传统，我们特意打造这门课，希冀提供一个阅读哲学经典、传承中国文化、铸造民族精神的平台，让中国文化走向世界、走向未来。 本课分十个专题，分别介绍《周易》、孔子《论语》、老子《道德经》，《大学》与《中庸》，《庄子》，《孙子兵法》，《墨经》，《心经》，以及朱熹理学、王阳明《传习录》等著作和人物的思想。既有对儒释道经典的介绍，也有对理学、心学思想的阐释，以期以一种更广阔的视角看待中国传统哲学，让学生能够对中国传统哲学有一种全方位的认识。 课程大纲 第一章 《周易》导读 第二章 《道德经》导读 第三章 《论语》导读 第四章 《大学》《中庸》导读 第五章 《孙子兵法》导读 第六章 《墨经》导读 第七章 《心经》导读 第八章 《庄子》导读 第九章 朱熹理学相关著作导读 第十章 《传习录》导读
主动出击、以全争天下、不战而屈人之兵的思想
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来自 Xi'an Jiaotong University 的课程
中国哲学经典著作导读
222 个评分
从本节课中
《孙子兵法》导读
将要导读的著作，对于爱好军事的同学是一个好消息，但是如果你认为它仅仅是一本军事著作，那显然你是OUT了。它缜密的军事、哲学思想体系，深远的哲理、变化无穷的战略战术，在现代远远不局限于一本军事著作的范畴，而是被广泛运用于政治斗争、商业竞争等各个领域。它就是《孙子兵法》。
在这一课程中，邓妙子老师的《孙子兵法》导读包括四个部分的内容：孙子其人其书，用间篇，谋攻篇和军势篇。本周课程需要同学们完成15道单元测试题和1道课堂讨论题。
与讲师见面
燕 连福教授
西安交通大学人文学院
韩 鹏杰教授
西安交通大学人文学院
龚 建平教授
西安交通大学人文学院
张 帆教授
西安交通大学人文学院
妥 建清教授
西安交通大学人文学院
李 重副教授
邓 妙子讲师
西安交通大学人文学院
雒 自新讲师
西安交通大学人文学院
Today I will talk about Attacking by Stratagem,
It is the third piece of writing of The Art of War.
This piece of writing and the previous two as a whole
deal with macro strategies in The Art of War.
So let’s first briefly talk about the first two pieces of writing.
The first piece of writing is Laying Plans.
Sun Tzu proposed his idea at the beginning of this piece of writing,
“being cautious in war”.
It requires a country,
and its monarch to be cautious in war.
Then how to be cautious?
To be specific,
being cautious in war is just like
providing us an objective measurement framework,
by which we can measure whether a country
can launch a war or not
and the odds of winning a war.
This framework is called
“five factors and seven stratagems ”.
the “macro analytical framework”.
By this framework, you can go further
to objectively analyze the comprehensive strength of the both sides.
And then on the basis of the analysis,
you can determine whether the war should be launched or not,
and the odds in winning a war.
This is the main points in Laying Plans.
The second piece of writing is
Waging War.
In classic Chinese, the word “zuo” means creating and making,
so in this piece of writing,
it mainly deals with how to prepare for war,
and the specific point here is
the relationship between economy and war,
and it emphasizes the huge economic drain.
So the central issue is how to win and
how to compress the huge military expenditure
so as to achieve the substantial benefit from the war.
The substantial benefit here means
defeating the enemy to get stronger.
That is to say
as a result of winning a war,
the country will become more powerful and prosperous.
This is really a good
stratagem.
Today we are going to talk about the third piece of writing
Attacking by Stratagem.
Based on the previous two pieces of writing,
it deals with how a country
on the macro-strategy level
formulates attacking stratagems.
Then on macro-strategy level,
why attacking is a priority, and stratagem is attacking rather than defending.
This relates to a view
in the second piece mentioned just now,
if your objective is defeating the enemy to get stronger,
you should take the offensive on strategic level.
for if you take the defensive, you can’t expand your existing benefits ,
but can only defend your existing benefits.
And only by attacking
can we achieve the objective.
So on strategic level
Sun Tzu gives priority to attacking rather than defending.
Then how to attack,
this issue is dealt with at the very beginning of this piece of writing.
The best strategy in the war is to take the enemy’s entire country,and to destroy it is not so good,
to take an entire army , and to destroy it is not so good
to take an entire brigade, and to destroy it is not so good.
to take an entire company, and to destroy it is not so good.
to take an entire squad , and to destroy it is not so good.
In our words today,
when attacking stratagem is made on strategic level,
sufficient ambition or wild ambition.
must be needed.
We must have such ambitions to
destroy their entire army, occupy their whole city or even their entire country.
The basic idea here is
that we must strive for complete victory.
After achieving complete victory,
Sun Tzu attached an additional condition to it.
What’s the additional condition?
Hence being ever-victorious is not supreme excellence
breaking the enemy's resistance without fighting is supreme excellence
These sayings are very familiar to us.
That is to say
as to the way to win complete victory,
Sun Tzu attached a limiting condition to it.
That is, we should try to win in a smart way or by stratagem.
Then, what is the stratagem? Without fighting.
Namely, we just use massive forces as our backup and
the basis of our strength.
On this basis, we try to adopt other more sensible strategies
to achieve our objective of complete victory.
To sum up, his first idea is
winning a complete victory without fighting.
It should be mentioned that it is very hard to achieve.
But if we know The Art of War,
we should understand that
the reason why it has been regarded by later generations as
the origin of art of war.
and it is practically significant even at present.
The main question is that
he took into account of all the aspects of war
moreover he raised each aspect to a very high level,
namely, the absolutely ideal level.
He deeply reflected all aspects and then put forward the highest objective.
Then what left for us is
what level we can reach in practice.
So breaking the enemy's resistance without fighting
and then achieving a complete victory
is the optimal objective on strategic level.
