[SOUND] In this session, we're going to provide a multi-dimensional categorization of cluster analysis. Cluster analysis can be viewed in many different way. We will provide a multi-dimensional categorization on all the different methods. The first categorization is based on techniques, based on different techniques employed in cluster analysis. We can consider these are density-based methods or they are distance-based methods or grid-based methods or probabilistic generative model based methods. Or we are essentially using dimensionality reduction measures to reduce the dimensions before we do effective clustering or we can directly perform high dimensional clustering or whether the measures are scalable for large data analysis. And the second categorization is based on data type-centered. So that means different kinds of data types likely were used, rather different clustering methods. For example, how to cluster numerical data, category data, text data, multimedia data, time-series data, sequence data, stream data, network data or uncertain data. The third categorization is whether we can provide additional insights for clustering. For example, we can provide a visual insights or we can incorporate some kind of semi-slightly supervision or we can use ensemble-based measures or we can use validation-based measures. All these, we're going to get into more detail in the next sessions. Thank you. [MUSIC]