This course is designed to introduce students to the issues of energy in the 21st century – including food and fuels – which are inseparably linked – and will discuss energy production and utilization from the biology, engineering, economics, climate science, and social science perspectives. This course will cover the current production and utilization of energy, as well as the consequences of this use, examining finite fossil energy reserves, how food and energy are linked, impacts on the environment and climate, and the social and economic impacts of our present energy and food production and use. After the introductory lectures, we will examine the emerging field of sustainable energy, fuel and food production, emphasizing the importance of developing energy efficient and sustainable methods of production, and how these new technologies can contribute to replacing the diminishing supplies of fossil fuels, and reduce the consequences of carbon dioxide release into the environment. This course will also cover the importance of creating a sustainable energy future for all societies including those of the developing world. Lectures will be prepared and delivered by leading UC San Diego and Scripps Institution of Oceanography faculty and industry professionals across these areas of expertise.
Energy Efficiency and Smart Grid Part 2
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来自 University of California San Diego 的课程
人类能源的未来
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从本节课中
Physical Energy Sources
Looks at some of the alternative energy options from the physical sciences domain, including wind energy, photovoltaic and photothermal energy, and nuclear energy. It also covers energy storage and electric vehicles, and energy efficiency and smart grid technologies.
与讲师见面
Dr. Stephen MayfieldProfessor of Molecular Biology
University of California San Diego
[MUSIC]
Bill, thanks very much for the talk.
obviously, smart grid, and smart home, and smart phone.
We hear about all these things.
What are the key elements that you see of the smart grid?
>> I think, the key elements include, automated, operation of
the power grid, automation including advanced, communications technology,
and integration of renewable generation into the power grid
are probably the three most important aspects of Smart Grid.
>> Right, cause renewable energy as you pointed
out 33%, and that's only six years away, 2020.
Not, coming up pretty quick.
So what are the biggest impacts that I am going to see as
a consumer, you know, in my house or maybe even here at work?
You know, that are, that are brought about by
this smart grid and, and maybe even the micro grid.
You know, what are.
>> Well I think from a consumers point of view, I think you
are going to have a lot more choices in how you use your power.
You are going to have a lot more control or, and
automated control, really, over how the power is consumed in your home.
I think the consumer is actually going to become
more a part of generation of, on the grid.
I think historically utilities generated power and delivered it to the consumer.
Now we're actually seeing, in some cases, more power flowing back on the grid from
consumer owned generation, than power being generated locally by the utility.
So, the consumer is going to become more of a parti, participant in in, in how the
system's operated and the consumer'll have more choice,
more opportunity to save money lowering their electric bill.
So I think there's a lot of opportunity there for the company.
>> Yeah I, well, well certainly as the number of devices we
have that are run by electricity increase, and as the cost of it
increase, as, as a consumer, this is now starting to impact my
life much more now than it did when I was a kid, right.
And when I was a kid, you turned on the lights and the
refrigerator and there weren't too many other things you had to worry about.
Now, now, we have many, many more to think about.
So what can I do today, as a consumer, to make, you know, my
electric use more efficient and therefore, maybe save me a little bit of money?
>> I think, well one of the key things you could do is first,
if you're really interested in reducing your
electric bill, is getting a smart thermostat.
>> 'Kay.
>> that, that that's number one I think.
If you can get a smart thermostat that you can
program when you use the air conditioning, when you use heating.
>> Right.
>> For your home.
So that you, if you're gone away for
example, you may not need the air conditioning on.
>> Right.
>> You know, that, that's one of the first things.
Second thing is really there's a lot of really nice tools
out there that you can reach out to on the web.
They will help give you instruction on how to
save more energy like it, the California Center for Solar.
Energy or California Energy Commission, or the Department of Energy.
There's, there's a lot of nice tools out there that consumers can use.
>> All right, and these, these will give you some way to
sort of look at your current energy use and maybe the, you know,
the time of day you use it, or the cost of it,
and therefore, [COUGH] give you some ability to maybe impact that at home.
>> Right, and just add one other thing there, I think there's
a, there's a thing called the green button, if you Google it.
>> Okay, the green button.
>> The green button.
If you Google green button, it'll, and you type in your
address, it'll show your consumption, how much power you're consuming historically.
>> Okay.
>> And, and it'll help you reduce your cost.
>> Okay, so at least get an idea of how much you're
consuming in relative to your neighbors and see what your costs are.
>> Mm-hm.
>> Okay, so one of the things you mentioned several times.
You know, was there's both generation and demand, and obviously
we balance those things right now one against the other.
In the future some of that generation is going to come from uneven sources,
solar, wind, things that kind of go up and down depending upon the weather.
>> Mm-hm.
>> And therefore energy storage becomes critical.
>> That's right.
>> So, so, sort of, I would, I would I guess I kind of want to ask.
You know, what are the challenges, and maybe therefore what
are the opportunities in research, you know, that here at
UCSD or other places in the world that, you know,
we're looking to sort of improve on that energy storage systems?
>> Well I agree, I think energy storage is going to be
a, a third cog in the wheel if you, so to speak.
It's going to be a very important aspect
of, of, of meeting the demand, of going forward.
Especially with the variability of renewable generation, and because it is,
we need to develop, efficient, low cost, energy storage.
And there's been a lot of interesting research that we're
focusing on, here at UCSD, looking at different battery chemistries.
different, different control strategies on how energy storage can be used to maximize
the benefits of, of renewable generation and maintain reliability of, of service.
And also we're, we're also investigating with our micro grid
on the integration issues of energy storage with re, renewable generation.
So those are the areas of research that we're really focused on, and I think.
>> So, so a lot of different ways.
A lot of different, I'd, I'd say opportunities, but, but a lot
of different ways and methods that you can use to store energy.
You mentioned one of them being maybe our, even
our our electric cars which obviously have batteries in them.
Use those as short term storage for the grid,
not just short term storage for us to commute, but.
>> Right.
In fact, we have a smart charging project that we're doing
here on campus, with 26 smart charging systems, with an automated
control that we're going to put in there in the near
future, that's actually going to help us do that automated demand response.
And eventually vehicle, we'll call vehicle to grid supply.
>> Okay so that, that brings up then another question which you should know.
We have smartphones now, they seem to be working pretty well.
You say where going to have smarthomes in the near future.
Obviously we're going to have smartcars.
So you, you sort of imagine a future then where we have integration of all of our
you know, electric and electronic devices sort of
talking to each other and communicating with each other.
>> Yeah.
>> And then that's the way sort of life is going to go forward, huh?
>> Mm-hm.
Yeah, I think so.
I think there's, a great opportunity to
actually do more with less through automation.
>> And then one of the things you also
mentioned was, and this is, I, I think probably
a key part of smart, is, you know, it's
not only more efficient, but cost reduction for us.
Obviously electrical generation at least right now is much cheaper at night,
when there's low demand, and perfectly acceptable if you have a smart car.
Don't charge, you know, don't charge yourself in
the day, charge yourself at night, when it's.
>> Absolutely, absolutely.
So that's where the issue of pricing, real-time pricing come in.
And, I, for example, I have an electric vehicle and I charge it at night and
my rates are almost half the cost of charging it during the middle of the day.
>> Okay.
And so, one last question then.
So, what do you see, in your research, you
know, what are the big challenges and opportunities for energy,
sort of research and efficiency that you guys are
working on here at UCSD for the, for the future.
>> Well we're looking at all of the different aspects here at UCSD.
personally, I'm involved in the
microgrid, developing microgrid control, and automation.
Integration of energy storage with renewable
gen, generation and smart electric vehicles.
There is a lot of work also going on campus now, with embedded intelligence and
big data gathering and because as we get more and more sensors on the power grid.
>> Right.
>> We want to be able to optimize it overall, operation and consumption and the
grid, power delivery and so, there's a lot of going on here at UCSD.
>> Alright well good, thanks very much for the talk, I, I
realize this is one of the biggest challenges that sort of face us.
>> Mm-hm.
>> Yeah, you know, sort of in, in our
energy future, and thanks very much for the work.
>> Oh, my pleasure.
It's great to be here.
Thank you.
