To explain how globalization rebuilt public policy and social behavior, we study the different political, economic, and social actors - public or private, individual or collective - and the exchanges and interactions between them that are remaking international relations. This course is inspired by a French sociological and historical approach to international relations. This course is also available in french version: www.coursera.org/learn/espace-mondial-fr/
What Does it Mean?
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来自 Sciences Po 的课程
Espace mondial：法国视角下的国际研究
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从本节课中
Introduction
The current global world implies a new approach of the international arena, breaking with classical theories.
与讲师见面
Bertrand BadieProfessor
Marie-Françoise DurandProfessor
[MUSIC]
Espace Mondial.
What does it mean?
This is as you know, a French word.
It's also a course, which has been offered to the students of
the French Institute of SciencePo, the famous and
the well-known French institute, where trained so many French politicians.
It's possible there I keep the French word,
because I would like to designate something A little bit
different from what is currently offered in the American or
British or many European universities.
Of course, this course is very close to global studies.
That's to say global vision of our world,
which tries to go further to go beyond the classic
vision of interstate relations, but
it's Espace Mondial as also a French touch.
That's to say the French vision, which is coming the French culture and
French history on what the world is now.
This is implying new perspectives and
also new context.
New perspective, as to say global studies and
here Espace Mondial will prompt us to reconsider action,
to reconsider identity, to reconsider space and territory,
to reconsider the main dimensions of our world.
To reconsider action, first of all.
It's not possible now in our present world to conceive an action,
even local action without situating it in a global context.
That's to say, the decision making process even at individual
level is quite different from the traditional perspective we had about it.
But it implies also that the world order is mainly made of
billions of individual actions of so many
Interactions between individual actors or groups, that's to say in our world,
we have presently 7 billion actors.
That's to say, we can't.
Consider the world from the initiatives taken by the only states.
That implies also that we have to move to the known state actors,
NGOs, multinational corporations, media and
so many aggregated transnational actors,
migrants or investors and so on.
So action does not mean what it did mean previously,
but new perspective is also a new vision of identity.
We are now in a world of plural,
volatile identities.
We are in a world in which the national commitment is no
more the main parameter of the international decision and
the international behavior of people.
We are in a world in which alterity has a very complex meaning.
That's to say, we have now to define the others and
the others are not only friends or enemies are no more the citizens
of the same country and the citizens of other countries.
We have so many transnational flows that Identities are crossing.
Identities are more and more complex and
made of different kinds of and commitments.
New perspective, it means also a new vision of space and territory.
Previously, it was very easy to consider the world
as made of the coexistence of nation states.
We are now in a world, which is more complex.
First of all, because border lines are not so efficient as they were before.
And so there are many transnational relations, which are ignoring borderlines.
That's why the territorial sovereignty that existed previously,
doesn't exist as it was before.
And also, we are observing so many regional integration processes in Europe,
Latin America, Africa and so on.
And so what the famous Japanese scholar Kenichi Ohmae
called Region States is one of the parameters
of the very complex territorial order of our world.
That's to say, now we have transnational integration,
regional integrations, but also local spaces,
which are getting more and more important and more and more relevant.
We are in a local world, that's why space is something difficult.
That I tried to express through this world of Espace Mondial.
And also, we have among these new perspectives to
consider the multiple dimensions of our world.
Do you know that every 2 hours,
2,800 people die of starvation in the world?
That's to say, the equivalent of eight World Trade Center attacks every day.
This is a fundamental parameter of our new world.
This is a new dimension.
Consider, for instance, that the football club,
Manchester United has a budget of 1400 billion Euros when the FIO,
which is specialized as you know for
covering starvation in the world has a budget,
which is limited 2,600 millions.
Consider that the American attack on Iraq
costed $1,000 billion when the budget of the DPKO,
that's to say the department of the united nation,
which is specialized in peacekeeping
as yearly budget of only $7 billion.
That's to say that the dimensions of our world and
of the intuition action are very diversified and
that we have to consider all these discrepancies
as one of the main parameters of our Espace Mondial.
New perspectives, but also new intelligent contacts.
I'm a particle scientist, but however, I know now that for
observing the world and the Espace Mondial, I have to modernize
the knowledge, which has been shaped by so many social sciences.
It is impossible to have recurring vision of the world without taking into account
economies, history, sociology, law, geography, anthropology and so on.
Of course, I'm not a specialist of all these disciplines, but
my attempt is to consider the results of my colleagues in different fields and
to make sense of things I will offer you during all these lectures.
We have now to stand transdisciplinary behavior,
vision for taking into account our present Espace Mondial.
The other new context is universalism.
All of us and especially among Western people,
we are convinced that we are bringing universality.
Of course, many human values are universal, but
no one in the world invented universality.
Universality's also made of plurality and
we have to consider this plural vision of the world for
explaining, war, power, peace and so on.
This implies to go back to comparison.
These lectures will stress on comparison
as the main way for addressing our world for
explaining the social and prodigal processes and
also to offer very modestly, some solutions.
And true in your context is we are in a world of mobility.
The global world implies a mobile world.
That's to say through immigration, but
also through circulation of information, of ideas.
And overall, by multiple interactions,
inter-playing between actors.
This mobility is at the core of this new vision of the world.
This is a French thought.
Of course, this French thought,
as we will see together is not so different from the others.
But the specificity of this MOOC is to offer you a vision,
which has been shaped through the long
particle and history of France.
But ladies and gentleman,
I am not a native of an English speaking country.
I am A French man and so
I will use the English language for
trying to get in touch with you.
Please forgive me for my bad English,
but the main perspective is to get in touch with you and
that is the real project of our MOOC.
[MUSIC]
