1.2.2 The unique need for medical technology assessment

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来自 University of Minnesota 的课程

Medical Technology and Evaluation

129 个评分

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University of Minnesota

Medical Technology and Evaluation

129 个评分

课程 4（共 5 门，Specialization 医疗市场）

Innovations in medical technologies are one of the leading areas of economic growth in the world. Whether new technologies take the form of pharmaceutical, medical device, biotechnology, information technology of some combination of these innovations, the opportunities for both private enterprise and social welfare are substantial. However, these innovations are not without cost, and require reimbursement from either a privately or publicly financed health care delivery system to enter the marketplace. This course aims to provide knowledge of the concepts, data, and methodology required to critically evaluate new medical technologies in order to secure financial investment, reimbursement, and regulatory compliance objectives, such as FDA approval. The course is designed to provide understanding of the analytic tools needed to evaluate medical technologies. After completing this course, students will have the skills needed to: - Understand the reimbursement systems financing medical technology use. - Understand the role of government and regulatory agencies in the development and use of new medical technologies. - Identify a population to be served by a medical technology. - Use health care data to evaluate a medical technology. - Perform cost/benefit and cost/effectiveness analysis of a new technology.

从本节课中

Medical Technology Assessment in the Current Health Care Financing and Regulatory Environment

This module includes an overview of the healthcare industry, focusing on the U.S., and provides context for why medical technology evaluations are important sources of information within the industry. The module begins by discussing the aspects of health care industry that make it unique from other industries and the many stakeholders who have interests in the results of medical technology evaluations. The remainder of the module covers the various regulation and payment systems that exist within the industry and where and how medical technology evaluations are necessary elements of those systems.

1.2.1 Introduction to the medical technology clients6:13

1.2.2 The unique need for medical technology assessment6:01

1.2.3 How do new technologies impact health care expenditures?6:02

与讲师见面

Eric Barrette
Director of Research
Health Care Cost Institute

This is lesson 1.2.2, the Unique Need for Medical Technology Assessment.

In the previous lesson,

we discussed the potential users or stakeholders for medical technology assessment.

In this lesson, we'll discuss why medical technology assessment is necessary.

So you may be asking, why not just take a general marketing or strategy course?

Isn't technology assessment just another application of a new product pricing exercise?

Can't I just set up a focus group,

talk to patients and determine what they're willing to pay and set a price?

Or alternatively, you may be wondering,

aren't there people that I can just hire to do this stuff?

Well, the answer to the first question is no.

In the medical technology industry,

it's not just another application of pricing of product.

And a focus group is one way of collecting

data or there may be other ways to assess willingness to pay.

But it's important to understand the context of prices and

selling medical technology before any type of technology assessment can be done.

Additionally, there are people that you can hire to do this stuff but it depends

who you hire and it's important to know what

to expect from them and what you're getting for what you pay for.

Hopefully this class will help answer all of those questions.

So the reason that you can't just hire somebody to

do this without knowing anything about what they're going to do.

And it's not as simple as just pricing a product and selling it on the market,

is that medical technology,

because of the complex context in which there is

government regulation and numerous private industry stakeholders involved,

requires an interdisciplinary approach.

There's elements of economics, law, epidemiology, statistics,

knowledge of pharmacology or biologic responses, medicine, nursing,

and allied health professionals,

both in the type of care they give and how their industries or professions are regulated.

Biology, physics or chemistry,

computer science and engineering,

management and finance, and risk and insurance theory.

Because of all of these various factors involved,

and many of them applying to

a single technology assessment depending on what the product is,

a technology assessment can be a complex but important,

element of bringing any new product to market.

Continuing to market or sell the product and

understanding how patients and allied health professionals,

doctors or any other health profession uses the product

which can then inform what other types of

improvements or additional products need to be developed.

So we can briefly summarize that technology evaluation,

and then, throughout the course discuss all of these elements in more detail.

It's important to know what the technology or compound is and how it works.

So, if it's a drug,

is it a pill or a tablet?

How many times is it taken?

And who is eligible to take it?

So, is it for the entire population with a condition or a very specific population?

It's also important to identify

any opportunities for obtaining economic data from a clinical trial.

So there's many clinical trials that might be conducted when first testing

and researching the drug but if possible

to collect any type of financial or economic data,

it's better to collect it during the clinical trial because it's very unlikely

there's a chance to go back and collect it later in the trial setting.

Related to this, you need to know when you need primary data.

As in from a clinical trial,

and when secondary data would be appropriate.

If you can use secondary data,

you need to know how to use secondary data in order to

approximate the demand based on the disease prevalence.

And if you can't do that,

use possible substitute and complement

products to estimate the demand for something that doesn't currently exist

but something that is in the data can be used to

approximate how the new product will behave when brought to market.

After this, you still need to obtain

input prices and production process in order to determine costs,

or sources of costs and then, estimate costs.

If possible, if any economic data was collected from the clinical trial,

it would come into play at this point.

Once you have an estimate of cost and you know an approximate use,

you can also estimate outcomes and effectiveness.

So, now that we have the total cost and

total effectiveness for the population of interest,

we can build an economic model either for publication or for internal decision

that determines how cost effective or some similar measure,

a new technology is.

And once we have the results of that model,

you can provide it to the key stakeholders and start over with the next technology.

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