Improving your model performance

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来自 deeplearning.ai 的课程

Structuring Machine Learning Projects

16142 个评分

deeplearning.ai

Structuring Machine Learning Projects

16142 个评分

课程 3（共 5 门，Specialization Deep Learning）

You will learn how to build a successful machine learning project. If you aspire to be a technical leader in AI, and know how to set direction for your team's work, this course will show you how. Much of this content has never been taught elsewhere, and is drawn from my experience building and shipping many deep learning products. This course also has two "flight simulators" that let you practice decision-making as a machine learning project leader. This provides "industry experience" that you might otherwise get only after years of ML work experience. After 2 weeks, you will: - Understand how to diagnose errors in a machine learning system, and - Be able to prioritize the most promising directions for reducing error - Understand complex ML settings, such as mismatched training/test sets, and comparing to and/or surpassing human-level performance - Know how to apply end-to-end learning, transfer learning, and multi-task learning I've seen teams waste months or years through not understanding the principles taught in this course. I hope this two week course will save you months of time. This is a standalone course, and you can take this so long as you have basic machine learning knowledge. This is the third course in the Deep Learning Specialization.

从本节课中

ML Strategy (1)

Why human-level performance?5:46

Avoidable bias6:59

Understanding human-level performance11:11

Surpassing human-level performance6:21

Improving your model performance4:36

与讲师见面

Andrew Ng
Co-founder, Coursera; Adjunct Professor, Stanford University; formerly head of Baidu AI Group/Google Brain
Head Teaching Assistant - Kian Katanforoosh
Adjunct Lecturer at Stanford University, deeplearning.ai, Ecole Centrale Paris
Teaching Assistant - Younes Bensouda Mourri
Mathematical & Computational Sciences, Stanford University, deeplearning.ai

You have heard about orthogonalization.

How to set up your dev and test sets, human level performance as a proxy for

Bayes's error and how to estimate your avoidable bias and variance.

Let's pull it all together into a set of guidelines for

how to improve the performance of your learning algorithm.

So, I think getting a supervised learning algorithm to work well means fundamentally

hoping or assuming that you can do two things.

First is that you can fit the training set pretty well and

you can think of this as roughly saying that you can achieve low avoidable bias.

And the second thing you're assuming can do well is that doing well in

the training set generalizes pretty well to the dev set or the test set and

this is sort of saying that variance is not too bad.

And in the spirit of thought organization,

what you see is that there's a second set of knobs to fix the avoidable

bias issues such as training [INAUDIBLE] or training longer.

And there's a separate set of things you can use to address Damien's problems,

such as regularization or getting more training data.

So to summarize of the process seen in the last several videos,

if you want to improve the performance of your machine on your system,

I would recommend looking at the difference between your training error and

your proxy for base error and this gives you a sense of the avoidable bias.

In other words, just how much better do you think you should be trying to do on

your training set and then look at the difference between your dev error and

your training error as an estimate.

So, it's how much of a variance problem you have.

In other words,

how much harder you should be working to make your performance generalize from

the training set to the desk set, that it wasn't trained on explicitly?

So to whatever extent you want to try to reduce avoidable bias,

I would try to apply tactics like train a bigger model.

So, you can just do better on your training sets or train longer.

Use a better optimization algorithm such as.

Adds momentum or RMS prop,

or use a better algorithm like ADOM.

Or one of the thing you could try is to just find a better new nether architecture

or better said, hyperparameters and this could include everything from changing

the activation functions or changing the number of layers or hidden do this.

Although you do that, it would be in the direction of increasing the model size

to China other models or other models architectures, such as the current neural

network and competitive neural networks which we'll see in later courses.

Whether or not a new neural network architecture will

fit your training set better is sometimes hard to tell in events,

but sometimes you can get much better results with a better architecture.

Next to the extent that you find out variance is a problem.

Some of the many of the techniques you could try, then includes the following.

You can try to get more data, because getting more data to train on

could help you generalize better to dev set data that you didn't see.

You could try regularization.

So this includes things like or dropout,

or data augmentation which she talks about the in the previous course.

Or once again, you can also try various neural network architecture,

hyperparameters search to see if that can help you

find a new architecture that is better suited for problem.

I think that this notion of bias or avoidable bias and

there is one of those things that easily learned, but tough to master and

we're able to systematically find the concept from this week's videos.

You actually be much more efficient and much more systematic and much more

strategic than a lot of machine learning teams in terms of how to systematically

go by improving the performance of their machine learning system.

So, that this week's whole work will allow you to practice and

exercise more your understanding of these concepts.

Best of luck with this homework and

I look forward to also seeing you in next week's videos.

Variances are further

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