Welcome to this module on telecommunications and Internet Service Provision. I chose as an under title the correspondence because we are going to deal with in this module on everything that's connecting to communications, telephone, and Internet, and everything else. First, the goals. In this case, in this module, a lot of different law cases will come to the fore and that will allow you to see in what way all these different laws play a role when talking about in detail correspondence when we are talking about Internet, e-mail, when we're talking about making a phone call, using the mobile to access a website, or whatever. [inaudible]. Welcome to this module on Telecommunication and ISPs. The subtitle here is correspondence and that's because we are going to deal with all aspects of Internet, telecommunications, mobile telecommunications, and the like. But first, we will see what goals we are trying to achieve with this module. The goal is that we are going to see are the different laws and different judgments done by different lawyers, different judges, different courts all over the United States. The elements which play a huge role here is when we are dealing with communications, with correspondence, with having access to Internet, and the like. First, I would like to bring a few things into remembering what we dealt with in earlier modules namely that when we are striving for and are using our liberty to make or create more safety, then the outcome might be that in the end, we will neither have liberty nor safety, as one of the founding fathers of the USA said, Benjamin Franklin. In the last lecture, we talked about the constitutional protection under the Fourth Amendment against governmental intrusion, and I dealt with in great detail in the three cases that you see here owns that first United State Katz versus United States and Carpenter versus United States. That really, lets say, encompasses all the important issues when dealing with governmental intrusion into the private life of people under scrutiny by those governmental institutions. All of this changed with the advent of the 9/11 attacks on the World Trade Center in New York. From then on, the war on terrorism became very important and a whole bunch of laws were created to have access to all types of correspondence which was possible and which was arranged for, so to speak with the advent of the Internet and the growth in mobile telecommunications. From that moment on, a whole bunch of omnibus laws, bills, acts have been enacted to create or to change a whole series of, let's say, acts that are already in place. So at that moment, the Bush administration enacted the PATRIOT Act, where you can see that they use the acronym to really tell what Act is about. The same happened with the FREEDOM Act under the Obama administration. Then there was a new Act enacted by the Trump administration on all the data that are being stored in the Cloud and when it's not available straightforward to American companies or the American security organizations, then the Cloud tech will arrange for that. These three Acts, The PATRIOT Act, FREEDOM Act, and the CLOUD Act, they changed a number of Acts which were already a long time in place, namely the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act of 1968, one of the fathers there was Robert Kennedy. Then there is the Electronic Communications Privacy Act which is from a later date, and the Stored Communications Act, let's say that these acts or bills were already in place and the PATRIOT Act, FREEDOM Act, and CLOUD Act changed all these laws. Thank you for watching this lecture. The next one will be on the different aspects of the FISA and the FISA Court and ECPA and the Stored Communications Act.
