Manuscript Guidelines: Insider Knowledge

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来自 Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology 的课程

Scholarly Communication

124 个评分

Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology

Scholarly Communication

124 个评分

课程 2（共 5 门，Specialization English for Research Publication Purposes）

Scholarly Communication is a concise but comprehensive course on how to write research papers in English. The course will help the candidates gain a better understanding of the rhetorical conventions of English and the common challenges the candidates may face as an academic writer. The course provides instruction, exercises, structure, and deadlines needed to create a publishable paper. The aim of the course is to improve competence in scholarly communications by deepening knowledge of the core features of the scientific writing style. It presents and analyzes the unwritten rules of scientific writing, the ones candidates most likely never learned in academic writing. The course will enable the candidates to write clear, detailed and well-structured scientific texts appropriate to a suitable academic journal. In particular, they will develop an awareness of fundamental concepts of academic writing, such as contrastive rhetoric, logical organization, and argumentation. In addition, they will develop skills for self-editing and revision techniques, including editing for precision and clarity. They will also gain a deeper understanding of how to prepare a scientific paper using the IMRAD format. Finally, the candidates will develop an enhanced understanding of the concept of academic integrity and the ethics of scientific writing. The candidates will be able to overcome anxiety about academic publishing and get their research papers published in international journals.

从本节课中

The Manuscript

MODULE III: THE MANUSCRIPT will teach you how to prepare a publishable paper in the IMRaD (Introduction, Methods & Materials, Results, and Discussion) format. The module provides clear instructions on manuscript writing. You will gain a better understanding of four elements that underlie the structure of all stories, including those you write in science – Opening, Challenge, Action, and Resolution, which can be easily mapped on the IMRaD format.

Manuscript Guidelines: Insider Knowledge5:50

The IMRaD Format4:44

Introduction4:22

与讲师见面

Elena Bazanova
Director of the Language Training and Testing Center
Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology

A scientific manuscript is intended to communicate new information and

to teach new material to a willing audience, Stephen D.

Senturia.

[MUSIC]

>> All journals publish guidelines or

instructions to authors annually in one of their issues.

In other words, there is often more than one correct way of doing something,

depending on your intentions.

That is why I advise you to become familiar with details of organization,

section headings, methods of data presentation, and

ways of citing and listing references by examining recent papers

in any well-established scientific journal.

A scientific paper must fulfill at least two objectives.

First, it must accurately describe the procedures that were followed

and the results that were obtained.

Second, the paper, your manuscript must place these

results in perspective by relating them to the existing state of knowledge and

by interpreting their significance for future study.

In general, there are three things that all scientific papers should do.

First, trace the scientific origins of the research problem.

Second, summarize the state of knowledge on the subject.

Third, state the critical hypotheses that are tested in the research paper.

Fourth, interpret the results of the study in relation to the hypotheses and

to the general state of knowledge.

Fifth, identify the scientific questions and

procedural weaknesses in the procedure that needed to be addressed in the future.

And finally, the paper should be concise.

The guidelines of some journals will include specific

requirements regarding language.

And it's essential that your writing style follows these instructions very carefully.

The most common specification among many English journals in the use of

either English, British English or American English, and even those journals

that allow both kinds of variance, will not want to see a mixture of British and

American spellings in their paper, in the same paper.

Abbreviations are another issue that should be in the focus

of your attention when your write your scientific paper.

In most cases, journals give very specific instructions about

the abbreviations that should be introduced.

If the journal to which you are submitting your paper offers such instructions,

follow them.

But even if the guidelines say virtually nothing about using abbreviations,

you should remember effective ways of using abbreviations,

which should be observed for at least two important reasons.

First, to maintain conventional standards, and

second, to ensure that your readers will understand your abbreviations.

Standard abbreviations can be found in a number of places,

such as the American Psychological Association, APA, AP style and

other manuals, and many dictionaries, they also present this information.

They show how to use abbreviations and

what abbreviations are considered to be standard.

Some of the important points with such abbreviations is to use

the appropriate format of the abbreviations each and every time.

So you have to be consistent with your abbreviations, and

do not use different abbreviations to define one of the same thing.

And this is a very good example of this.

So each time, before you start writing your scientific paper,

you should read the instructions to authors thoroughly and follow them.

Among questions, these instructions may answer one of the following questions.

Does the journal include more than one category of research article?

If so, in what category would your article fit?

Second, what is the maximum length of your article?

Does the journal have a template for articles?

If so, how can it be accessed?

Does the journal post supplementary material online?

And again, if it does, how should this material be provided?

Then the next question that can arise,

in what format should preferences appear, APA, MLA, Chicago or Harvard?

Each time you have to check this information with instructions to authors.

Next, in what electronic format should the paper be prepared?

Should figures and tables be inserted within the text, or

should they appear at the end, or be submitted as separate files?

Is there online submission system to use?

Underline, highlight, note keypoints to remember,

then consult the instructions to the authors as you prepare the paper.

Follow the instructions from the start, and

this will certainly save you a lot of time especially when by

some reason the paper is returned to you and you need to review it and to rewrite.

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