Hierarchy diagrams

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来自 National Research Tomsk State University 的课程

Presentation skills: Designing Presentation Slides

64 个评分

National Research Tomsk State University

Presentation skills: Designing Presentation Slides

64 个评分

课程 2（共 4 门，Specialization Presentation Skills: Speechwriting, Slides and Delivery）

“Powerpoint slides are like children: no matter how ugly they are, you’ll think they’re beautiful if they’re yours” — Scott Adams, author of the comic strip “Dilbert”. Due to this cause or another, it’s a huge stress to look at most Powerpoint slides. Depending on the “design” skills of the speaker and audience’s taste slides create different emotions from a slight annoyance to physical sickness. But that is not the worst thing. The worst thing is that instead of improving the presentation such slides confuse the audience, distract it and finally oblige the speaker to explain them rather than being quite self-explanatory. The goal of this course is to change that by equipping learners with a set of tools to create simple, clear and aesthetic slides which improve the presentation of the speaker. The course covers universal design principles, templates, colors, typefaces, slides’ typography, use of photos and pictograms, composition rules and ways to create clear and meaningful charts and diagrams. This course is not a PowerPoint fundamentals course. You should have a basic knowledge of either Microsoft PowerPoint or Apple Keynote software. Don’t meddle, make your slides matter.

从本节课中

Part 4: Diagrams and data visualization

This week is about typography and photographic illustrations. Applying basic typography rules allows to make decent looking slides only with text. The same goes to tables. If that’s not enough there are icons — do’s and don’ts of them when you try to spruce up your text-only slides. And finally using photos and vector arts to create really gorgeous stunning slides. Basic rules on how to search them on photobanks, how to combine them with text, when icons should be used instead of photos and vice versa.

Types of diagrams6:58

Hierarchy diagrams4:27

Process diagrams6:47

Relationships diagrams6:52

Data visualizations3:25

Column and bar charts11:09

Line charts3:10

Closing remarks2:03

与讲师见面

Alexei Kapterev
Lomonosov MSU BS

Hierarchy.

Hierarchical diagrams are really easy.

They are organized hierarchically, so

they kind of tell you where the focal points should be.

But first, this is what you get if you use SmartArt.

SmartArt knows nothing about focus.

It will give you a chart which is jam-packed in the middle of the slide and

which has 20-plus blue boxes.

They're all indistinguishable one from another.

And the only way to tell which box is more important than the other

box is just by looking at the position on the slide.

I actually think that you will be so

much better off if you ditch SmartArt altogether.

If you just clone enough of those boxes, type in the text, and

then connect them with connecting lines and

arrange using PowerPoint's align and distribute features.

And of course, the same works with Keynote.

Alas, there's no SmartArt in Keynote.

So this is what you get if you use SmartArt.

This is what you get if you use separate boxes.

And I think this is a much better result.

What you achieve is contrast.

Contrast between connecting lines and boxes.

Contrast between different logical levels of the information.

You can do it manually.

But even though this chart is so

much better than the previous one, it still could be improved.

Now, I need to highlight three to five areas in this chart.

I know this is just my decision.

I have to think and decide that, okay, Advisor and

Administrative Assistant are not that important.

However, the CEO and the heads of the departments are important.

So I'm going to highlight those boxes.

First, let me do it with size.

This is me increasing size of what I think is the first-level information and

decreasing the size of what I believe is the second level of information.

And as you can see, the difference is not all that dramatic.

And this is actually a huge lesson because difference in size is not as,

well, different as difference in color.

What if we can try it in color?

The question is, how many colored boxes can you have on one slide?

And this question, absurd as it may seem, actually does have a meaningful answer.

And the answer is 3-5 boxes.

And if you have more than that, it is likely to be a mess.

This is not a guarantee.

But chances are high that it is going to be a mess if you have 10 or

20 blue boxes on one slide, you cannot.

What other colors can you use for all the other boxes?

What is less important than blue?

And the answer is, well, pretty obvious in the hindsight.

What's less important than blue is gray.

And if we make those boxes gray, my God, suddenly I can see something.

I can see the first level of information and the second level of information.

Which makes the chart much more readable.

I see those focus points, and then I can just scan the chart and

find what I'm looking for.

If you have extra, I don't know, five minutes,

go to flaticon.com, and illustrate key points of your chart.

This is another way to add contrast to make it more visually interesting, and

actually make it more readable.

And if you so wish, you can fit everything on one slide.

Please do remember that for some audiences, this is more than enough,

they won't need anything else.

Please remember that for some audiences,

this is more than enough, they do not need anything else.

Please do remember the charts do not work for large audiences.

Please do not try to explain everything on one slide.

So if you're working with hierarchy, a few things to keep in mind.

Thing number one, do create focus with color, size, and of course, icons.

Thing number two, it's really, really easy with hierarchy.

Hierarchy kind of tells you where those focus points should be.

Pretty obvious, you don't have to think twice.

And thing number three, please go ahead and dim or

just remove everything else which you think is of secondary importance.

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