2.1.1B: Processes and Practices

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来自 University of Alberta 的课程

Software Processes and Agile Practices

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University of Alberta

Software Processes and Agile Practices

2406 个评分

课程 2（共 6 门，Specialization Software Product Management）

This course delves into a variety of processes to structure software development. It also covers the foundations of core Agile practices, such as Extreme Programming and Scrum.

从本节课中

Module 1: Introduction to Processes

Are you someone who likes to see the big-picture? Being a forward thinker who knows what’s coming next is an invaluable trait as a software product manager. This module will prepare you to become this asset for your team. A software process organizes development from beginning to end. We are going to walk through each step of the development process. This will allow you to become familiar with the entire development process so that you can effectively organize product development and foresee upcoming steps--even if you’ve never worked in software development before!

2.1.1: Processes and Practices5:46

2.1.1A: Processes and Practices5:44

2.1.1B: Processes and Practices5:48

与讲师见面

Kenny Wong
Associate Professor
Computing Science, Faculty of Science

[MUSIC]

Now we know what a process is.

But how can we use them more effectively?

Practices are tactics that software product managers use

to make processes execute smoothly.

Practices provide guidelines for

aspects of development, such as how to schedule and

organize tasks, prevent wasted resources, and monitor work product development.

There are a variety of practices that you can use.

We'll be covering many of these practices in this course.

Some examples of practices are planning what features go into which release,

estimating the duration of tasks, and running brief daily meetings.

These practices are often gathered into a methodology.

A methodology is a set of practices.

Methodologies based on the agile manifesto are

agile methodologies which contain agile practices.

Scrum is an example of an agile methodology.

Think of it this way.

The agile manifesto provides a philosophy.

And an agile methodology provides the specific guidelines and rules.

Regardless of what practices you use, they are all intended to provide structure for

what's involved in a project.

This structure can help you effectively plan your project, meet deadlines,

improve communication, track progress, and ultimately deliver better software.

For example, in the specification phase, there are many practices that outline how

to elicit and express your requirements from your client.

In the design and implementation phase,

you'll see many practices that guide designing and planning.

There are even more practices that suggest how development should occur.

These can include how to make your project more flexible to change and

how to track development.

These practices can establish if you are on schedule with your project.

Tracking lets you know early on if you are falling behind your timelines.

These practices can also demonstrate how much of the project is completed and

how much work remains.

This not only provides information for your development team, but

the tracking gives your project transparency.

You can quickly and easily show your client your project status

as well as manage the scope of the project.

There are also many practices outlined for the verification and validation phase.

Many methodologies encourage testing and reflection.

This ensures that the product works the way it was supposed to and

it is exactly what the client intended.

You and your development team are working hard to implement some agile practices

into your development.

One practice you chose to adopt is delivering a working prototype to

your client every two weeks for feedback.

What phase of a process does this practice belong?

A. specification, B. design and

implementation, or C. verification and validation.

Providing a working product to your client every two weeks is an excellent way to

ensure that your team is delivering what your client expects and

that they are satisfied with the product.

This is called validation.

Therefore, the correct answer is C, verification and validation.

Getting down to the task level,

there are many practices that suggest how to schedule tasks effectively.

There are also practices that establish effective working relationships between

the roles involved in development.

Most methodologies encourage and

facilitate open communication among clients, product managers, and developers.

Having open communication among developers allows for efficient development

since expectations are clear and everyone knows what everyone else is doing.

Adopting good practices will also reduce wasted resources.

This waste might be time, materials, or money.

Having effective planning and

communication prevents work from being completed by more than one person.

It also prevents developers from producing a feature that might not

be exactly what the client intended.

This helps to keep your project on schedule,

which helps to keep it on budget.

The great thing about processes and practices is that they are flexible and

customizable.

You can take aspects of various processes and

practices to create something that meets all your needs.

They can also be improved and developed over time.

Processes and practices have many benefits, and

they are an invaluable tool for product managers.

By learning many different software processes and

practices, you'll be able to generate or select a process and

a set of practices that works well for you and your team.

To recap, we defined the process as a way to organize the development of a software

product into distinct phases or stages.

A process can be a life cycle process,

in which case it models the entire life of a software product.

Or it can be a sub-process within a life cycle process.

Processes are organized into phases.

For life cycle processes, examples of phases are specification,

design and implementation, and verification and validation.

Each phase is composed of associated activities.

An activity is a group of related tasks.

And tasks relate to roles, work products, and resources.

Agile practices are guidelines that can be applied within a process.

They have proven benefits such as increased communication,

tracking of project progress, risk management, and reduced waste.

In this lesson, we briefly talked about how work is organized in a process.

Next we will be examining software engineering activities in more detail so

you can get a better idea of the entire software development process.

See you there.

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