Hi everyone in last two modules, we learned about the origion and evolution of Yi Culture as well as the core thoughts of Yi Culture in this module, we would learn about the influence of Yi Culture on TCM and meantime, we would learn about the existing medical thoughts in Yi Jing this one is simple at last, we will discuss the relation between Yi and TCM firstly, the influence of Yi Culture on TCM from Yi Culture, some concepts, nouns and philosophical thoughts have made huge impact on the birth and delvelopment of TCM it could be summerized in six parts as followings one is the derivation of "Tai Chi Shuo" in the field of TCM thougts of Yin and Yang, as well as Two Semispheres provid the basic rules for TCM and also "Three Objects Concepts", "Four Shapes Shuo", Six Yao Shuo", "Eight Diagrams" and etc. theyt enlight and influent TCM firstly, we will learn about the derivation of "Tai Chi Shuo" in the field of TCM talking about Zhou Yi, we thingk about Tai Chi in last module, we learned that Tai Chi turns to Two Semispheres; Two Semispheres turn to Four Shapes; Four Shapes turn to Eight Diagrams it is a thought of the birth of everything in Chinese history, lots of scholars belived that Tai Chi Shuo including the thought that Tai Chi is truth made a bigger impact on TCM than other thoughts such as "Ming Men Tai Chi Shuo" it was proposed by Sun Yikui, the famous doctor in Ming Dynasty someone also said that he was descendant of Sun Wu it was he brought the concept there are two meanings of Ming Men in TCM one is referring to kidney the other one is called "Du Mai Ming Men Point" Sun believed that "Ming Men is the moving gas between two kidneys, not water nor fire we know that kidney belongs to water in TCM Sun thought Ming Men was not water nor fire in his words, " Ming Men is the piot of development, root of Yin and Yang, the birth of Tai Chi and Five Factors come from this, then internal organs appear" in his concept about the process of human birth, first is Tai Chi, and then Yin and Yang and then internal organs and etc. the driving force of breath is the moving gas between kidneys. We also call it congenital gas so he called it as "Tai Chi Ming Men" the second one is "Thoughts of Yin & Yang and Two Semispheres" which provide basic rules for TCM we know that Yin and Yang are the root of TCM in Jing Yue Quan Shu written by Zhang Jing Yue,there is a medicine, "Plaster of Two Semispheres" what is plaster of two semispheres for? it is for curing lusterless complexion, dizziness palpitation, insomnia, marasmus and hard breath actually, it is for supplying Qi and Blood, and also for Yin and Yang what does "Three Objects Concept" enlighten TCM? we know that there are three objects in Zhou Yi what are they? they are Sky, Earth and Human beings and TCM has its own Three Objects Concept it is said that human body contains three treasured objects. what are they? they are Jing, Qi and Shen once, a student asked me a question he said that " we learned that Jing is the substance of human body" "Qi is the energy of human body" "substance and energy could tansform to each other". this is correct "and now there is a neww thoughts" "for three objects" "besides substance and energy, what is it?" it is information I said, "right" "there are three objecs" in TCM, there are three objects in human body it also has Shen it makes sense there is a statement that do not take medicine from the doctors less than three generations lots of people misunderstand it i don't take his medicine if there are not more than three generations it is nonsense if people don't take medicine from the first generation, how could he pass the information to the next one actually, the real meaming is not this "Three Shi" is not for Three Generations, it is for three famouse doctors they are Huang Di, Shen Nong, and Su Nv books of Three Shi are Huang Di Acupuncture, Shen Nong's Herbal Classic, and Su Nv Pulse some one made investigation and found that it is Kong Yin Da in Tang Dynasty misunderstood the meaning as three generations what does "Three Jiao" refer to? "Three Jiao" is related to "Three Objects" Six Hollow (Fu) organs are the double of Three Jiao Three Jiao and Six Hollow Organs are the channels of water and grains and there are also Three Categories in Shen Nong's Herbal Classic this shows that "Three Object Concept" are very important for ancestors Three Categories in Shen Nong Herbal Classic, I mentioned before are referring to supreme, middle and low catergories supreme medicine is good for life, and nontoxic middle medicine is good for life, yet a little toxic low medicine is toxic, yet could cure illness in certain ways we must be careful when using medicine and in research of illness causes, there are also three causes they are anendoexogenous pathogen, pathogenic factor, neither endogenous nor exogenous factor there are also three TCM curements they are sweating, excreting and vomitting which were brought by Zhang Cong Zheng in Jin Dynasty from the book Ru Men Shi Qin In TCM, there are concepts of Three Yin and Three Yang from Huang Di Nei Jing, it refered Three Yin to Jue Yin, Shao Yin and Tai Yin Three Yang as Shao Yang, Yang Min, Tai Yang in Huang Di Nei Jing Su Wen, it said that two Yang come together to Yang Ming, and two Yin come together to Jue Yin in Treatise on Febrile Diseases, Zhang Zhong Jing wrote about illness of Three Yin and Three Yang and came to the methold of dialectical of six channels there is a kind of Chinese drug, called Three Objects Pill from Ru Men Shi Qin, what are the three objects? they are ginseng, radices rehmanniae, and radix ophiopogonis matching with sky, earth and human beings it is for curing cough caused by Yin weakness and kidney channel its name reflects the character of Chinese traditional culture then let's look at "Four Shapes' Concept" influence on TCM what are four shapes in TCM? they are Yang Yang, Yin within the Yang, Yin and Yang, and Yin Yin let's review previous information compare them to Tai Yang, Shao Yang, Tai Yin, and Shao Yin can they match? let's try firstly, let's look at the influence of Six Yao on TCM actually, it is the foundation of Channel Concept twelve main channels actually are six sets of channels do you remember dialectical method from Zhang Zhong Jing? they are dialectical method of six channels, three Yin and three Yang three Yin and three Yang are Tai Yang illnesses of Three Yang are illnesses of Tai Yang, Yang Ming and Shao Yang illnesses of Three Yin are illnesses of Tai Yin, Shao Yin and Jue Yin so in conclusion, the illness are divided into six catergories according to different symptoms of heat disease and the organs they harm it forms the basic system of dialectical method of six channels in the field of TCM let's look at the derivation of eight diagrams in TCM it is useless for clinical practice yet we should understand that there were this kind of thought in history Kan and Li are main Gua in TCM later medical scholars thought Zhen was Ming Men and Xun was liver Kan was kidney (water), and Li was heart (fire) phynomenon of Kan and Li are disconnected (heart and kidney are disconnected) is one of illness causees so TCM doctors think highly of connection of heart and kidney and also we call it as equality of water and fire being equal, then healthy; being unequal, then ill there is a TCM, Jiao Tai Pill also called Kan Li Pill it could cure this kind of disease there are other influence of eight diagrams on TCM, Extrer Eight Channels Concept if you are interested in this, you could read more related information and also Methods of Four Ways and Eight Factors four ways are observing the appearance, smelling, asking questions and feeling the pulse eight factors are Yin, Yang, outside, inside, coldness, heat,nothingness and substance they are the catergories of diseases let's make a conclusion some basic concepts and some thoughts of Yi Culture have made a great impact on the development of TCM next, we will look at if there is direct relation between TCM and Yi Culture for example Yu Gua what's the explanation of Yu Gua Six Five? divine for disease often, and could be living for a long time the word "Yu" means joyfulness Yu Gua shows joyfulness and pleasantness what does the word "Zhen" mean? it is divination when divination, it means asking "Zhen Ji"(Chinese characters) reflects that people relied on prediction and superstition for disease curement for they didnot know much medical knowledge when they were ill, they went to wizard for prediction "when will the disease be cured?" and meantime, it relects that immoderate joyfulness is a kind of disease which could deprive the spirtis of human and then kill him so immoderate joyfulness is bad for health Yu Gua advocates being joyful in a moderate way ang againt immoderate joyfulness the second example is Fu Gua what is its Gua explanation? Healthy and Sucessful Fu Gua shows the recovery of Yang Qi "Peng" (Chinese character) means Yang Qi what does the Gua explanation mean? when Yang Qi recovers, people will be always healthy it shows that Yang Qi is very important for human life and also shows the concept of adoring Yang Qi in history and there are many other concepts if you are interested in this, pls check more related information we don't talk this any more at last, let's look at the relation between Yi and TCM and there are some supplementary materials for you to read there are three opinions one is that Yi and TCM have the same origin same as the acquisition knowledge to the nature, the society and human beings by ancestors as well as the specific original thinking ways and cognition methods same as wizard culture such as the relation of Zhou Yi, Nei Jing, He Picture and Luo Book another opinion is that TCM comes from Yi Culture in another word, Yi Culture appeared firstly and made huge impact on TCM this opinion is based on the influence of Yi Culture on TCM we discussed this before it truely made impact on some parts, yet not all the parts of TCM it exists in different ages another opinion is that TCM appeared earlier than Yi Culture for the history of survival and development of human beings is much longer than history of Yi Culture which is a kind of advanced culture化 if there were human beings, there were diseases if there were diseases, people would try to cure them from this aspect, there were a lot of fragmentary knowledge it aleady existed before Yi Culture however, Zhou Yi is a historical product of cultural development to a certain degree and TCM absorbed some concepts of Yi Culture they have very closed relation TCM is the carrier and manifestation of Chinese culture in one way, TCM illustrates medical issues from Ancient Chinese philosophical thoughts and meantime, it also further enriched Chinese philosophical thoughts through discuss and practice of medical theories the concepts of Yin Yang changing in Yi Culture had a great succeeding and development in the field of TCM this is the end of this module and also the end of Chapter of Yi Culture and TCM in next chapter, we will learn about the relation of Confucianism and TCM