Evidence-based Toxicology

约翰霍普金斯大学

课程信息

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Welcome to the Evidence-based Toxicology (EBT) course. In medicine and healthcare, evidence-based medicine has revolutionized the way that information is evaluated transparently and objectively. Over the past ten years, a movement in North America and Europe has attempted to translate this revolution to the field of toxicology.
The Center for Alternatives to Animal Testing (CAAT) within the department of Environmental Health and Engineering at the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health hosts the first chair for EBT and the secretariat for the EBT Collaboration on both sides of the Atlantic. Based on the Cochrane Collaboration in Evidence-based Medicine, the EBT Collaboration was established at the CAAT to foster the development of a process for quality assurance of new toxicity tests for the assessment of safety in humans and the environment.
Regulatory safety sciences have undergone remarkably little change in the past fifty years. At the same time, our knowledge in the life sciences is doubling about every seven years. Systematic review and related evidence-based approaches are beginning to be adapted by regulatory agencies like the Environment Protection Agency (EPA), the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA), and the US National Toxicology Program. They provide transparent, objective, and consistent tools to identify, select, appraise, and extract evidence across studies. 
This course will showcase these emerging efforts and address opportunities and challenges to the expanded use of these tools within toxicology.

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初级

完成时间大约为17 小时

英语（English）

字幕：英语（English）

可分享的证书

完成后获得证书

100% 在线

立即开始，按照自己的计划学习。

可灵活调整截止日期

根据您的日程表重置截止日期。

初级

完成时间大约为17 小时

英语（English）

字幕：英语（English）

讲师

授课教师评分

4.8/5 （5 个评分）

Thomas Hartung

Professor

Environmental Health and Engineering

6,368 个学生

2 门课程

Lena Smirnova

Research Associate

Center for Alternatives to Animal Testing

6,368 个学生

2 门课程

提供方

约翰霍普金斯大学

The mission of The Johns Hopkins University is to educate its students and cultivate their capacity for life-long learning, to foster independent and original research, and to bring the benefits of discovery to the world.

教学大纲 - 您将从这门课程中学到什么

周

周 1

完成时间为 2 小时

Introduction & Shortcomings of Current Approaches

This module introduces you to the course, outlines the shortcomings of current toxicity testing approaches, and shows how EBT can help to overcome these shortcomings.

完成时间为 2 小时

9 个视频（总计 66 分钟）, 3 个阅读材料, 1 个测验

9 个视频

Welcome3分钟

Introduction to the Course14分钟

Introduction5分钟

Shortcoming No. 1: Narrative Reviews7分钟

Shortcoming No. 2: Bias in Reviews7分钟

Shortcoming No. 3: Evidence Writing4分钟

Shortcoming No. 4: External Validity10分钟

Shortcoming No. 5: Assessing New Methods5分钟

Shortcoming No. 6: Inadequate Reporting7分钟

3 个阅读材料

Letter to Learners10分钟

Course Learning Objectives10分钟

Supporting reading10分钟

1 个练习

Practice Quiz 18分钟

周

周 2

完成时间为 3 小时

History and Causation

This module explains how evidence-based toxicology originated and describes the driving forces for the initiative. In the second lesson, you will learn how to distinguish between correlation and causation as well as the main problems with drawing conclusions on the basis of correlations. The Bradford Hill criteria are introduced, along with examples for each criterion. You will also learn about mechanistic toxicology and mechanistic validation.

完成时间为 3 小时

11 个视频（总计 138 分钟）, 2 个阅读材料, 1 个测验

11 个视频

Welcome to Module 21分钟

Personal First Exposures to Evidence-Based Medicine21分钟

The Start of EBT16分钟

The First Conference 2007 to the Start of the EBT Collaboration 201114分钟

The Evidence-Based Toxicology Collaboration (EBTC)13分钟

Introduction Causation vs. Correlation18分钟

The Hill Principles of Epidemiology and their Relation to Toxicology16分钟

The Problem of Causation in Toxicology16分钟

Biomarker Concept in Mechanistic Toxicology4分钟

Mechanistic Validation4分钟

The Future of Causation in Complex Systems9分钟

2 个阅读材料

Supporting reading10分钟

1 个练习

Practice Quiz 210分钟

周

周 3

完成时间为 3 小时

Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

This module shows how to perform systematic reviews and meta-analyses. You will learn the history of both methods and will receive step-by-step instructions on how to perform systematic reviews and meta-analyses using examples from the research activities of the instructors.

完成时间为 3 小时

8 个视频（总计 101 分钟）, 2 个阅读材料, 2 个测验

8 个视频

Welcome to Module 33分钟

Systematic Reviews: Definition and Principles26分钟

Systematic Reviews - Protocol Development15分钟

Systematic Reviews - Protocol Development (Part 2)19分钟

History5分钟

Meta-analysis Guidelines7分钟

Meta-analysis Protocol, Part 110分钟

Meta-analysis Protocol, Part 212分钟

2 个阅读材料

Supporting reading10分钟

2 个练习

Practice Quiz 36分钟

Mid-course exam30分钟

周

周 4

完成时间为 2 小时

Risk of Bias & Application to Test Methods Comparison

This module teaches you about possible biases that can be introduced at different stages of research. Each bias is explained with examples, including solutions for overcoming those biases. The second lesson covers systematic review of the zebrafish embryotoxicity test as a case study conducted by the Evidence-based Toxicology Collaboration (EBTC). You will go through all of the steps of the systematic review again to imprint the knowledge from module 3, but this systematic review will be related to a toxicological method.

完成时间为 2 小时

8 个视频（总计 94 分钟）, 2 个阅读材料, 1 个测验

8 个视频

Welcome to Module 43分钟

Introduction to Risk of Bias Concept in Critical Appraisal of Studies26分钟

Examples for Risk of Bias Tools 1: Cochrane Collboration4分钟

Examples for Risk of Bias Tools 2: SYRCLE's RoB Tool5分钟

Examples of Risk of Bias Tools 3: National Institute for Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS) - OHAT12分钟

Quality Assessment in Evidence-Based Toxicology7分钟

Evidence-Based Toxicology (EBT) and Evidence-Based Toxicology Collaboration (EBTC)11分钟

Zebrafish Systematic Review22分钟

2 个阅读材料

Supporting reading10分钟

1 个练习

Practice Quiz 410分钟

周

周 5

完成时间为 3 小时

Quality Assurance, Good Practices, and Validation

Quality control is a very important aspect of not only modern toxicology but the entirety of life sciences. The first lesson in this module demonstrates the importance of performing quality control on your experiments. The second lesson is connected with the first one because validation of an alternative method requires highly standardized protocols and quality control at each step. This lesson teaches you different aspects of alternatives methods validation, how to perform classical validation, its pitfalls, and strategies to overcome them.

完成时间为 3 小时

10 个视频（总计 140 分钟）, 2 个阅读材料, 1 个测验

10 个视频

Welcome to Module 52分钟

The Concepts of Quality Assurance (QA) and Good Practice (GP)14分钟

Good Practice22分钟

Quality Assurance12分钟

Importance of GP and QA in EBT5分钟

The Evolution of Validation of Alternative Methods29分钟

The Traditional Validation Process26分钟

Example of a Validation Study: Skin Irritation9分钟

Developments in the Validation Area6分钟

Validation and Tox-21c/EBT11分钟

2 个阅读材料

Supporting reading10分钟

1 个练习

Practice Quiz 56分钟

周

周 6

完成时间为 2 小时

Biometrical Tools & Future Perspectives

Evidence-based toxicology requires some knowledge of bioinformatics. The first lesson in the module teaches you some biostatistical tools you can apply when analyzing predectivity, specificity, and sensitivity of a method. You will also learn how to identify biases in a study with the help of bioinformatics. Evidence-based principles can be applied to every question you might have, even to which pizza to order tonight. You will learn the difference between eminence-based vs. evidence-based approaches. You will learn what is driving the lack of reproducibility and how evidence-based approaches should help to overcome the reproducibility crisis in science, which is explained with examples of experimental design, wrong models, poor quality of the cell cultures, etc.

完成时间为 2 小时

8 个视频（总计 98 分钟）, 1 个阅读材料, 2 个测验

8 个视频

Welcome to Module 64分钟

Why We Need Biometry/Statistics in Evidence-Based Toxicology9分钟

Statistics and Bioinformatics Applied in Evidence-Based Approaches I11分钟

Statistics and Bioinformatics Applied in Evidence-Based Approaches II18分钟

Risk and Bias and Its Impact on Evidence-Based Approaches12分钟

Evidence-Based Is a More Rigorous Scientific Approach to Anything4分钟

The Reproducibility Crisis in Science25分钟

Where Is Evidence-Based Toxicology (EBT) and What Are The Next Steps?11分钟

1 个阅读材料

Supporting reading10分钟

2 个练习

Practice quiz 64分钟

Final exam30分钟

周

周 7

完成时间为 2 小时

Summative Assessment - Systematic Review Assignment

The final week of the course is devoted to completing the Systematic Review Assignment. You will use SysRev to review at least 20 abstracts, apply inclusion and exclusion criteria, render decisions, and resolve conflicts with other reviewers.

完成时间为 2 小时

1 个阅读材料

1 个阅读材料

Systematic Review Assignment Instructions1 小时 30 分

1 个练习

Systematic Review Assignment Results30分钟

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Evidence-based Toxicology