基因表达的表观遗传调控

墨尔本大学

课程信息

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While the human genome sequence has transformed our understanding of human biology, it isn’t just the sequence of your DNA that matters, but also how you use it! How are some genes activated and others are silenced? How is this controlled? The answer is epigenetics.  
Epigenetics has been a hot topic for research over the past decade as it has become clear that aberrant epigenetic control contributes to disease (particularly to cancer). Epigenetic alterations are heritable through cell division, and in some instances are able to behave similarly to mutations in terms of their stability. Importantly, unlike genetic mutations, epigenetic modifications are reversible and therefore have the potential to be manipulated therapeutically. It has also become clear in recent years that epigenetic modifications are sensitive to the environment (for example diet), which has sparked a large amount of public debate and research.

This course will give an introduction to the fundamentals of epigenetic control. We will examine epigenetic phenomena that are manifestations of epigenetic control in several organisms, with a focus on mammals. We will examine the interplay between epigenetic control and the environment and finally the role of aberrant epigenetic control in disease.

All necessary information will be covered in the lectures, and recommended and required readings will be provided. There are no additional required texts for this course. For those interested, additional information can be obtained in the following textbook.

Epigenetics. Allis, Jenuwein, Reinberg and Caparros. Cold Spring Harbour Laboratory Press. ISBN-13: 978-0879697242 | Edition: 1

学生职业成果

27%

完成这些课程后已开始新的职业生涯

32%

通过此课程获得实实在在的工作福利

可分享的证书

完成后获得证书

100% 在线

立即开始，按照自己的计划学习。

可灵活调整截止日期

根据您的日程表重置截止日期。

完成时间大约为17 小时

英语（English）

字幕：英语（English）, 西班牙语（Spanish）

您将获得的技能

CancerMolecular BiologyCancer EpigeneticsDna Methylation

学生职业成果

27%

完成这些课程后已开始新的职业生涯

32%

通过此课程获得实实在在的工作福利

可分享的证书

完成后获得证书

100% 在线

立即开始，按照自己的计划学习。

可灵活调整截止日期

根据您的日程表重置截止日期。

完成时间大约为17 小时

英语（English）

字幕：英语（English）, 西班牙语（Spanish）

讲师

授课教师评分

4.95/5 （72 个评分）

Dr. Marnie Blewitt
顶尖授课教师

Head, Molecular Medicine Laboratory

Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research

39,187 个学生

1 门课程

提供方

墨尔本大学

The University of Melbourne is an internationally recognised research intensive University with a strong tradition of excellence in teaching, research, and community engagement. Established in 1853, it is Australia's second oldest University.

教学大纲 - 您将从这门课程中学到什么

内容评分97%（6,455 个评分）

周

周 1

完成时间为 2 小时

Week 1 - Introduction to Epigenetic Control

An introduction to and definition of epigenetic control of gene expression, and its importance in normal development. We will learn what chromatin is, and how its composition and packaging can alter gene expression. We’ll also discuss the best-characterised epigenetic modification, DNA methylation, and how it is not only implicated in regulating gene expression, but also in maintaining genome stability.

完成时间为 2 小时

7 个视频（总计 65 分钟）, 5 个阅读材料, 1 个测验

7 个视频

Course overview1分钟

1.1 Introduction to the concepts of epigenetic control10分钟

1.2 Mitotic heritability of epigenetic marks10分钟

1.3 Chromatin and the nucleosome6分钟

1.4 Chromatin compaction - heterochromatin versus euchromatin9分钟

1.5 DNA methylation at CpG islands11分钟

1.6 DNA methylation at intergenic regions and repetitive elements15分钟

5 个阅读材料

Course syllabus10分钟

Teaching team10分钟

Start of course survey10分钟

Assessment and grading policy10分钟

Week 1 and 2 resources10分钟

1 个练习

Week 1 quiz - contributes 8% towards your final grade30分钟

周

周 2

完成时间为 2 小时

Week 2 - Epigenetic Modifications and Organisation of the Nucleus

We’ll discuss the molecular mechanisms for regulating gene expression in some detail, from how the DNA is packaged at a local level, right up to how the chromatin is positioned within the nucleus. We’ll learn about the chromatin modifications implicated in gene silencing and activation, the role of non-coding RNA, and higher order chromatin structures. This week will provide you with a good understanding of the basic mechanisms that will help you understand the processes we discuss throughout the rest of the course.

完成时间为 2 小时

9 个视频（总计 90 分钟）, 1 个阅读材料, 1 个测验

9 个视频

2.1 Introduction to histone tail modifications4分钟

2.2 Histone acetylation and histone methylation12分钟

2.3 Chromatin remodelling12分钟

2.4 Histone variants8分钟

2.5 Noncoding RNAs - microRNAs6分钟

2.6 Noncoding RNAs - piRNAs9分钟

2.7 Noncoding RNAs - long noncoding RNAs introduction10分钟

2.8 Long noncoding RNAs Xist and HOTAIR7分钟

2.9 3D organisation of the nucleus and summary of epigenetic marks17分钟

1 个阅读材料

Week 1 and 2 resources10分钟

1 个练习

Week 2 quiz - contributes 8% towards your final grade30分钟

周

周 3

完成时间为 3 小时

Week 3 - Dosage Compensation

X chromosome inactivation is a really well-characterised epigenetic process that is now used as a model system to study epigenetic processes that are relevant more broadly. This is because it uses many epigenetic mechanisms, at many levels, to achieve really stable silencing of a whole chromosome. We’ll learn about this process and how it occurs in a mouse in great detail, which will greatly add to the mechanistic understanding gained in week two. We will then briefly discuss alternate mechanisms for dosage compensation that occur in other organisms.

完成时间为 3 小时

12 个视频（总计 113 分钟）, 1 个阅读材料, 1 个测验

12 个视频

3.1 History and background of X chromosome inactivation13分钟

3.2 Timing of random and imprinted X chromosome inactivation8分钟

3.3 Stages of X inactivation - counting and control of Xist expression13分钟

3.4 Control of Xist expression by pluripotency factors6分钟

3.5 Stages of X inactivation - choice of which X to inactivate9分钟

3.6 Stages of X inactivation - initiation and spreading of silencing11分钟

3.7 Stages of X inactivation - establishment of silencing6分钟

3.8 Stages of X inactivation - maintenance of silencing e.g. Dnmt18分钟

3.9 Stages of X inactivation - maintenance of silencing e.g. Smchd18分钟

3.10 X chromosome inactivation summary10分钟

3.11 Dosage compensation in flies and worms, compared with mammals8分钟

3.12 Lessons from the fly - position effect variegation and screening for epigenetic modifiers10分钟

1 个阅读材料

Week 3 resources (including required readings)10分钟

1 个练习

Week 3 quiz - contributes 12% towards your final grade30分钟

周

周 4

完成时间为 2 小时

Week 4 - Genomic Imprinting and Epigenetic Reprogramming

We’ll learn about the two important periods during development for the erasure and resetting of the epigenome. There are two well-characterised features that are treated differently during epigenetic reprogramming; imprinted genes and repeats. We’ll learn about mechanisms for genomic imprinting, and study three examples in more depth.

完成时间为 2 小时

6 个视频（总计 68 分钟）, 1 个阅读材料, 1 个测验

6 个视频

4.1 Introduction to epigenetic reprogramming of the maternal and paternal genomes9分钟

4.2 Epigenetic reprogramming of imprinted genes and repetitive elements11分钟

4.3 Location of imprinted genes in the genome and bisulfite sequencing10分钟

4.4 Kcnq1 and H19/Igf2 ICR mechanisms of action and Beckwith Weidemann syndrome17分钟

4.5 Snrpn ICR mechanism, Prader Willi and Angelman syndromes13分钟

4.6 Summary of epigenetic reprogramming and imprinting6分钟

1 个阅读材料

Week 4 resources (including required reading)10分钟

1 个练习

Week 4 quiz - contributes 12% towards your final grade30分钟

周

周 5

完成时间为 2 小时

Week 5 - The Influence of the Environment on Epigenetic Control

We start to look at some of the big areas of interest in human epigenetics, including environmental influence on the epigenome, reprogramming of somatic cells back to stem cells, cloning, and potential transgenerational epigenetic inheritance. We’ll discuss what is known to happen to the epigenome during these process, and look at some seminal case studies.

完成时间为 2 小时

6 个视频（总计 90 分钟）, 1 个阅读材料, 1 个测验

6 个视频

5.1 Disrupted epigenetic reprogramming in assisted reproductive technologies15分钟

5.2 Disrupted epigenetic reprogramming in somatic cell reprogramming and cloning15分钟

5.3 Introduction of transgenerational epigenetic inheritance, effects of the environment and sensitive periods in epigenetic control9分钟

5.4 The Dutch Famine human epidemiological studies and the Developmental Origins of Adult Health and Disease9分钟

5.5 Human epidemiological studies on the Overkalix cohort, grandparental effects and possibility of transgenerational epigenetic inheritance in humans12分钟

5.6 Extension lecture: Interview with Dr Andrew Keniry26分钟

1 个阅读材料

Week 5 resources (including required readings)10分钟

1 个练习

Week 5 quiz - contributes 12% towards your final grade30分钟

周

周 6

完成时间为 2 小时

Week 6 - Mechanisms of Environmental Influence on Epigenetic Control and Transgenerational Epigenetic Inheritance Through the Gametes

A look at the mechanisms underlying some of the observations we discussed in week 5, through the study of model organisms. We’ll learn about metastable epialleles, which have allowed the study of transgenerational epigenetics in mice, and provided some evidence for transgenerational epigenetics in mammals.

完成时间为 2 小时

8 个视频（总计 102 分钟）, 1 个阅读材料, 1 个测验

8 个视频

6.1 Mouse and rat studies on paternal effects of chemical exposure, effects of maternal behaviour on epigenetic makeup14分钟

6.2 Transgenerational epigenetic inheritance via the gametes10分钟

6.3 The Agouti viable yellow allele in mice15分钟

6.4 Environmental effects on the Agouti viable yellow allele11分钟

6.5 The Axin fused allele in mice and metastable epialleles14分钟

6.6 Potential mechanisms of transgenerational epigenetic inheritance: incomplete epigenetic reprogramming9分钟

6.7 Paramutation in plants and paramutation-like effects in mice13分钟

6.8 Constitutional epimutation in humans - not transgenerational epigenetic inheritance12分钟

1 个阅读材料

Week 6 resources (including required readings)10分钟

1 个练习

Week 6 quiz - contributes 12% towards your final grade30分钟

周

周 7

完成时间为 4 小时

Week 7 - Cancer Epigenetics

This week we’ll bring together much of what we’ve learned in previous weeks of the course, to understand how the epigenome is affected, and can also affect, cancer development and progression. We’ll then go on to discuss the potential therapeutic benefits that can come from using epigenetic biomarkers, and targeting epigenetic modifiers in cancer.

完成时间为 4 小时

11 个视频（总计 144 分钟）, 3 个阅读材料, 1 个测验

11 个视频

7.1 Overview of cancer epigenetics7分钟

7.2 Hypermethylation of CpG islands in cancer16分钟

7.3 Hypermethylation of sets of CpG islands in cancer11分钟

7.4 Hypomethylation genome-wide in cancer12分钟

7.5 Altered histone modifications in cancer11分钟

7.6 Long range epigenetic alterations in cancer and alterations to nuclear architecture10分钟

7.7 Altered expression on piRNAs and long noncoding RNAs in cancer9分钟

7.8 Mutations in epigenetic modifiers in cancer9分钟

7.9 Drugs that target the epigenetic machinery as chemotherapeutics17分钟

7.10 Extension lecture: Aging - Part 114分钟

7.11 Extension lecture: Aging - Part 223分钟

3 个阅读材料

Week 7 resources (including required readings)10分钟

Academic integrity10分钟

End of course survey10分钟

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基因表达的表观遗传调控